Analects of Confucius
The Analects (Chinese (Hanyu Pinyin) Lúnyǔ, literally meaning selected sayings) of Confucius consists of the philosophical expressions attributed to Kong Qiu and his contemporaries and disciples. The traditional scholarly consensus generally considers the collection to have been written during the Warring States Period through to the middle of the Han dynasty (475 BCE - 220 CE).
Confucius was born in the year 550 BCE, [F1] in the land of Lu, in a small village, situated in the western part of the modern province of Shantung. His name was K'ung Ch'iu, and his style (corresponding to our Christian name) was Chung-ni. His countrymen speak of him as K'ung Fu-tzu, the Master, or philosopher K'ung. This expression was altered into Confucius by the Jesuit missionaries who first carried his fame to Europe.
Footnotes[F1] According to the great historian Ssu-ma Ch'ien. Other authorities say, 552 and 551 BCE. Audio reading of James Legge's Confucian Analects in Chinese and English, provided by LibriVox, read by Jing Li.
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Confucius (Kǒng Fūzǐ (孔夫子; Kong Qui) traveled the country in an ox cart observing and teaching his numerous disciples on the subjects of civics, ethics, literature, music and science. Of course, he claimed no divine inspiration and so naturally the writings attributed to him, recorded by his disciples, also make no such claim. |